(IV) Sex: M/F Nominal, 2. (DV) Vehicle Vandalism: Slashing tires, Keying body, Breaking Windows. Nominal Research Question: How often do females vandalize vehicles?

• (IV) Sex: M/F Nominal, 2. (DV) Vehicle Vandalism: Slashing tires, Keying body, Breaking Windows. Nominal

Research Question: How often do females vandalize vehicles?

Hypothesis: The profiles of female offenders are different and reflect the nature of crime and potential to reoffend.

Sampling Strategy: The population that will be sampled are female offenders in bell county who have been charged with vandalism

Members of the sample will be selected based on sex and female offenders 35 years of age will be sampled. For this study, a systematic random sample will be used to select members from the population. Members will be chosen at regular intervals from the sampling frame. The number of the first member to be included in the sample will be chosen randomly.

Research method: surveys focused on women who have vandalized vehicles.

Annotated bibliographies

Chan, H. C., & Heide, K. M. (2009). Weapons used by juveniles and adult offenders in sexual homicides: An empirical analysis of 29 years of data. Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling, 5 (3) 89-208. DOI: 10.1002/jip.87

The primary research question aimed to determine which killing methods juvenile and sexual offenders used to murder children, adults, adolescent, and elderly victims. The scholars collected details of 452 juveniles and 3393 adult sexual murderers from the FBI’s Supplemental Homicide Reports database dating from 1976 to 2004. The researchers sampled people convicted of murder and sexual offenses such as rape. The scholars grouped the murders weapons into four distinctive levels, which included personal, firearms, contact and edged weapons, and other weapons

Ching, H., Daffern, M., & Thomas, S. (2015). A comparison of offending trajectories in violent youth according to violence type. Criminal Behavior and Mental Health, 27 (1), 8-14. DOI: 10.1002/cbm.1969

The study is based on the widespread public concern regarding thrill-seeking violence, also known as appetitive violence among the youths. The researchers want to learn if appetitive violence indicates an offending trajectory. The hypothesis was that youths, who engage in appetitively violent index offense have a high probability of recidivism than juveniles, who commit nonappetitive index crimes.

Cuervo, K., Villanueva, L., Gonzalez, F., Carrion, C., & Busquets, P. (2015). Characteristics of young offenders depending on the type of crime. Psychosocial Intervention, 24 (1) 9-15. DOI 10.1016/j.psi.2014.11.003

Cuervo et al. (2015) explored the profile of juvenile offenders by the nature of crimes they commit, which is either against people or property. The common crimes against material goods included robbery, burglary, and forced entry. The research suggests that males commit property crimes, whereas females commit crimes against individuals.

Literature review

The profile of violent juvenile offenders according to the nature of committed crimes has been the focus of criminal justice researchers. According to Cuervo et al. (2015), the findings from their studies showed that while male juvenile offenders are more interested in property crimes than female offenders who are convicted for violence against people. The type of crime and socio-demographic of juvenile offenders has gained attention from researchers.

Meanwhile, several investigations into the profile of juvenile offenders revealed contradictions in the research

In spite of the contradictions in the literature on the demographics of juvenile offenders, the need to investigate the relationship between the nature of the crime and recidivism was recommended as an area of future studies. The researchers encouraged future investigators to examine the motivational factors for committing juvenile offense in the general population as another focus of future studies (Ching, Daffern, and Thomas, 2015). In the case of this research study, its purpose is to explore how the profile of juvenile offenders can be used to identify behavioral patterns used for developing interventions.

References

Chan, H. C., & Heide, K. M. (2009). Weapons used by juveniles and adult offenders in sexual homicides: An empirical analysis of 29 years of data. Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling, 5, 189-208. DOI: 10.1002/jip.87

Ching, H., Daffern, M., & Thomas, S. (2015). A comparison of offending trajectories in violent youth according to violence type. Criminal Behavior and Mental Health, 27 (1), 8-14. DOI: 10.1002/cbm.1969

Cuervo, K., Villanueva, L., Gonzalez, F., Carrion, C., & Busquets, P. (2015). Characteristics of young offenders depending on the type of crime. Psychosocial Intervention, 24, 9-15. Doi 10.1016/j.psi.2014.11.003