Vertical migration for planktonic organisms

1.In 1 sentence, describe diel vertical migration for planktonic organisms. Then briefly describe two well-supported theories for why this phenomenon occurs.

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2.(a) Why is it advantageous for a predatory fish to exhibit endothermy? (b) Describe at least two adaptations found in the muscles of fishes that exhibit endothermy.

3.The torpedo-like, streamlined shape of a tuna helps to do what?

Group of answer choices

Blend in with the dark water below when the tuna is viewed from aboveReduce the formation of vortices and turbulent water behind the fish as it moves

Cast less of a shadow that may be visible to predators

Increase the fish’s ability to rapidly grab prey over short distances

4.To fill the swim bladder, bony fish use which mechanism?

Group of answer choices

They secrete lactic acid into the bloodstream, releasing oxygen from hemoglobinThey have a swim bladder lined with myoglobin, which retains oxygen

All fish have the ability to gulp air to fill the swim bladder, because it is attached to the esophagus

They secrete carbon dioxide into the swim bladder from surrounding muscle tissues

5.The Ampullae of Lorenzini:

Group of answer choices

Allow cuttlefish to replace water with gas in the cuttlebone, which regulates buoyancyAllow fishes like sharks to detect electrical fields

Allow bony fishes to quickly empty their swim bladder as they move up in the water

Allow fishes to detect small changes in pressure outside of their bodies, which helps them school

6.What do herring, whale sharks, and basking sharks have in common?

Group of answer choices

They have about the same Reynolds numberThey live close to the sea floor

They feed on the same types of organisms using the same type of anatomical structure

They sense electrical fields to help them hunt prey

7.New studies on copepod feeding show that:

Group of answer choices

They are more cannibalistic than was previously thoughtThey sieve out many more particles from the water than was previously thought

Their feeding appendages act as paddles instead of sieves

They keep their appendages very still so that they do not create turbulence around them

8.Baleen whales:

Group of answer choices

Generally feed and breed in the same small areasMay migrate thousands of kilometers between feeding and breeding areas

Attack large prey such as seals

Never feed on fish

9. Which is NOT an adaptation that sperm whales have for making deep dives?

Group of answer choices

A rib cage that does not collapse under pressureMucus that absorbs nitrogen to help prevent the buildup of nitrogen bubbles in the body

A higher concentration of red blood cells per unit volume of blood

An ability to slow their heartbeat and restrict blood flow to certain organs while diving

Requirements: all 9 questions

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